\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{15,2}{160}=0,095mol\\ CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)

0,095          0,19              0,095            0,095

\(m_{rắn}=m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,095.98=9,31g\\ V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,19}{2}=0,095l\\ b)C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,095}{0,04+0,095}\approx0,7M\\ c)Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}CuO+H_2O\)

0,095                 0,095

\(m_{rắn}=m_{CuO}=0,095.80=7,6g\)

Ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a. \(PTHH:CuSO_4+2NaOH--->Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\)

b. Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

c. Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2.n_{CuSO_4}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{\%_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{8}{200}.100\%=4\%\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố M: n_MSO4 = 0,25mol

Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cu: n_{CuSO4 dư} = 0,1 mol

=> M = 24 (Mg)

b.

Câu 1:

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ===> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

a)Vì Cu không phản ứng với H₂SO₄ loãng nên 6,72 lít khí là sản phẩm của Al tác dụng với H₂SO₄

=> n_H2 = 6,72 / 22,4 = 0,2 (mol)

=> n_Al = 0,2 (mol)

=> m_Al = 0,2 x 27 = 5,4 gam

=> m_Cu = 10 - 5,4 = 4,6 gam

b) n_H2SO4 = n_H2 = 0,3 mol

=> m_H2SO4 = 0,3 x 98 = 29,4 gam

=> Khối lượng dung dịch H₂SO₄ 20% cần dùng là:

m_{dung dịch H2SO4 20%} = \(\frac{29,4.100}{20}=147\left(gam\right)\)

n_{H2 = 6.72 : 22.4 = 0.3 mol}

Cu không tác dụng với H₂SO₄

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ -> Al₂(SO4)₃ + 3H₂

0.2 <- 0.3 <- 0.1 <- 0.3 ( mol )

m_Al = 0.2 x 56 = 5.4 (g)

m_Cu = 10 - 5.4 = 4.6 (g )

m_H2SO4 = 0.3 x 98 = 29.4 ( g)

m_{H2SO4 20%} = ( 29.4 x100 ) : 20 = 147 (g)

3, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{27}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 3CuSO₄ \(\rightarrow\) Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Cu

de: 0,6 \(\rightarrow\) 0,9 \(\rightarrow\) 0,9

\(m_{CuSO_4}=0,9.160=144g\)

a, \(m_{ddCuSO_4}=\dfrac{144.100}{25}=576g\)

b, \(m_{Cu}=0,9.64=57,6g\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot4\%}{40}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)

\(0.2..............0.1..............0.1\)

\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.2}=0.5\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0.1\cdot142=14.2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd}=200+510=710\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14.2}{710}\cdot100\%=2\%\)

Ta có: m_NaOH = 200.4% = 8 (g)

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

_____0,2______0,1_______0,1 (mol)

a, \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(l\right)\)

b, Chất có trong dd sau pư là Na₂SO₄.

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = m _{dd NaOH} + m _{dd H2SO4} = 200 + 510 = 710 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.142}{710}.100\%=2\%\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.4}{100}=8\left(g\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

a) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{C_{M_{ddH_2SO_4}}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(l\right)=500\left(ml\right)\)

b) \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{\text{dd sau pư}}=m_{ddNaOH}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}=200+510=710\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m_{Na_2SO_4}}{m_{\text{dd sau pư}}}.100\%=\dfrac{14,2}{710}.100\%=2\%\)

Câu 3 : 

\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{10.80}{100}=8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

a) Hiện tượng : Xuất hiện kết tủa trắng

Pt : \(2NaOH+MgSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Mg\left(OH\right)_2|\)

           2                1                  1               1

        0,2                0,1               0,1            0,1

\(n_{Mg\left(OH\right)2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Mg\left(OH\right)2}=0,1.58=5,8\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

 \(m_{MgSO4}=0,1.120=12\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddMgSO}=\dfrac{12.100}{10}=120\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{Na2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Na2SO4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=80+120-5,8=194,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{Na2SO4}=\dfrac{14,2.100}{194,2}=7,31\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

Câu 4 : 

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2|\)

         1         1               1           1

        0,2      0,2

\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H2SO4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{19,6.100}{20}=98\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{98}{1,2}\simeq81,67\left(ml\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a. PTHH: 3NaOH + AlCl₃ ---> Al(OH)₃↓ + 3NaCl (1)

Ta có: \(C_{\%_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH}}{100}.100\%=12\%\)

=> m_NaOH = 12(g)

=> \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Ta lại có: \(C_{\%_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{m_{AlCl_3}}{200}.100\%=13,35\%\)

=> \(m_{AlCl_3}=26,7\left(g\right)\)

=> \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{26,7}{133,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,3}{3}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\)

Vậy AlCl₃ dư

Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=0,1.78=7,8\left(g\right)\)

b. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{NaCl}}=12+200-7,8=204,2\left(g\right)\)

Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{NaCl}=0,3.58,5=17,55\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C_{\%_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{17,55}{204,2}.100\%=8,59\%\)

c. PTHH: 2Al(OH)₃ ---t^o---> Al₂O₃ + 3H₂O (2)

Theo PT₍₂₎: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,05.102=5,1\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{48,75}{162,5}=0,3(mol)\\ 3NaOH+FeCl_3\to Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe(OH)_3}=0,3(mol);n_{NaOH}=n_{NaCl}=0,9(mol)\\ a,m_{Fe(OH)_3}=0,3.107=32,1(g)\\ b,m_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,9.40}{10\%}=360(g)\\ c,C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,9.58,5}{360+48,75-32,1}.100\%=13,98\%\\ \)

\(d,2Fe(OH)_3+3H_2SO_4\to Fe_2(SO_4)_3+6H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,45(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,45.98}{20\%}=220,5(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{220,5}{1,14}=193,42(ml)\)